Pavement and method of making same



May 15, 1934 c. w. ALLsHousE 1,958,506

PAVEMENT AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME Filed April 16, 1932 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY.

Patented May 15, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PAVEMENT AND METHOD F MAKING SAME Carl W. Allshouse, East Cleveland, Ohio Application April 16, 1932, Serial No. 605,623

Claims.

The present invention, relating as indicated to a pavement and method of making the same, is more particularly directed to a new and improved coated brick pavement and to a method 5 of treating such a pavement, either during its initial construction or subsequently to prevent the excess bitumen employed as a filler between the brick from rendering the pavement dangerously slippery to traffic. The principal object of the invention is the provision of a pavement of the character described and a method of treating the same which shall be simple and economical, and effective to improve materially the traction qualities of the surface.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, said invention, then, consists of the means hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims; the following description and the annexed drawing setting forth in detail one product and one method constituting, however, but one of Various applications of the principle of my invention.

In said annexed drawing:

Fig. 1 is a partial transverse section of a brick pavement embodying my improved invention illustrating the application of my meth-od of treating to the same; Fig. 2 is a similar view of the same pavement following treatment; Fig. 3 is a similar View on an enlarged scale; and Fig. 4 is a similar view of an asphaltic covered concrete pavement.

In the ordinary brick pavement bricks are initially laid or set ordinarily upon a sand cushion, which in turn constitutes a coating over a 35v previously formed sub-base of suitable material, such for example as concrete. After the bricks have been laid on the sand cushion, fluid or plastic material, such as cement, grout or bituminous material is poured in between the brick to secure the same together and to form the separated individual units into one integral layer which constitutes the pavement. It is ordinarily impossible to pour the iluid or plastic material between the brick without pouring an excess amount which 45- spreads over the surface of the brick, and, if bituminous material is employed, renders the same slippery in wet weather.

The surface coating of bitumen is recognized as a serious danger to trailic, and expensive methods have been employed to overcome this danger, the material being some times removed by laborious and expensive scraping methods which are not, however, ordinarily effective, as the upper surfaces of the bricks are not in precisely the 55 same plane, and hence no ordinary scraping operation is effective to remove all of the material equally over all of. the bricks.

My improved invention is effective to provide a brick pavement which is not slippery or dangerous even in wet weather and my method of treatment can be employed either during the construction of the pavement, in which the bitumen has either been carelessly applied over the upper surface of the brick or has expanded and iiowed over these surfaces under heat. I will first refer to my improved method of treating an old pavement.

In existing pavements in which the bricks are bonded by bitumen, there are found numerous patches of bitumen which has been spilled onto the upper surface of the bricks or, upon expansion of the bitumen and softening from the heat, has owed from between the bricks and acted to coat the upper surface. In the treatment of such coating I proceed as illustrated in Fig. 1. 75. There is there shown an ordinary type of brick pavement consisting of a base or foundation 1, a sand cushion 2 superimposed thereon, a series or layer of brick or block 3 mounted upon said sand cushion with the spaces between said blocks filled with a composition 4 of bitumen, which in many cases spreads over the upper surface of the brick or other block in the form of a thin layer 5. In treating this pavement I first apply a layer consisting of a mixture 6 of sand, gasoline and kerosene in the form of a paste over the coating on the upper surface of the brick. Gasoline and kerosene are then ignited and burned off rapidly, volatilizing some of the oils from the bitumen, and allowing the sand to sink into the bitumen coating and thoroughly impregnate the same, leaving a resulting coating which is a mixture of bitumen and sand, minus any light constituents of the bitumen which have been burned out or volatilized. Following the burning of the gasoline and kerosene, or other material employed, the sand sinks down into the coating 5, producing a new and different type of upper surface 7, which is illustrated in Fig. 2. This new coating offers nearly as good traction 100 as clean brick and there is no danger of vehicles 4 skidding or slipping when passing over a coated pavement which has been so treated.

In the case of a new pavement the treatment is applied at the time of the application of the 1 05 ller. Ordinarily bitumen, before application in this manner, is heated to about 245 Fahr., at which temperature it is quite liquid, and is then poured between the bricks. In order to treat the bitumen in such a way as to produce a safe pave- 1.10

ment I preferably heat the bitumen before pouring, to a temperature of about 350 to 400 F. and then add to the fluid material fine, well graded sand or other mineral matter in a considerable quantity. The fluidity of the bitumen allows the sand or other mineral matter to sink in and permeate the entire material, providing an abrasive in the form of sand or other mineral matter in the surface and entirely destroying the slipperiness of the bitumen asv ordinarily used. The sand should be added to the bitumen immediately after the latter has been poured in a uid condition between or on the bricks or other` units. The sand should also be heated to a temperature of approximately 400 Fahr., and then applied promptly.

In Fig. 3 I have illustrated the type of pavement just referred to in which the sand-impregnated bitumen extends over the upper surface of the block 3 and into the spaces between these blocks.

In Fig. 4 I have shown a pavement consisting of a concrete base 1, an asphalt surface or coveringY 8 therefor, the upper portion of the layer 7 of which has been treated in accordance with the method described and has incorporated therein particles of sand or crushed stone to produce a surface having good traction qualities and without the slipperiness when wet of asphalt in its normal condition.

It will of course be understood that in the treatment of old pavements other methods of heating may be employed as a substitute for the application of the gasoline or other combustible material. For example, the surface to be treated may be heated withblow torches or surface heaters or by similar means. Similarly, it will be understood that wherever I have used the word brick I employ this term to include pavements formed of brick units proper, or of other units, such as stone or the like, or even pavements which are formed as a whole, such as concrete or asphaltic pavements, in which there is no separation into separate units. v

The foregoing method of treating brick pavements has been found to be entirely effective in rendering the surface of bitumen coated spots safe, and it places them in a condition affording the same traction as clean brick. The method is not expensive and can be readily applied as indicated either to old or new pavements.

Other modes of applying the principle of my invention may be employed instead of the one explained, change being made as regards the product and method herein disclosed, provided the step or steps cited by any of the following claims or the equivalent of such be employed.

I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my inventionzl. In a method of treating bitumen coated pavements, the steps which consist in applying ra layer ko f mineral material thereto impregnated with a mixture of combustible material, and then igniting such material to burn the same and melt the bituminous material to permit the incorporation therein of the mineral material.

, 2. In a method of treating bituminous covered portions of pavement, the steps which consist in iirst applying to the bituminous coating a layer of mineral material, such material having been moistened with an gnitable liquid which upon burning is capable of producing fluidity in the bituminous coating, then igniting such moistened material and permitting the softening vof the bituminous coating and the impregnation thereof by the abrasive material.

3. In a method of treating a bitumen coated pavement, the steps which consist in applying a layer of mineral material thereto impregnated with a mixtureof kerosene and gasoline, and then ignitng such material to burn the rsame and melt the bituminous material to permit the incorporation therein of the mineral material.

4. In a method of treatingbituminous covered portions of pavement, the steps which consist in first forming a paste of mineral material and ignitable liquid, then applying such paste to said bituminous covered portions and nally igniting such paste, thereby impregnating said bituminous portions `with said mineral material to form an abrasive surface.

5. In a method of treating bituminous coated pavements, the steps which consist in applying a paste formed of sand and a combustible liquid to said pavements, and then igniting such paste to burn the same and melt the bituminous Vmaterial to permit the incorporating therein of said sand.

CARL W. ALLSHOUSE. 

